Independent Research Review

1、What can we learn from similarities and differences between independence support for Alzheimer’s Disease and Traumatic Brain Injury?

absct：Alzheimer's disease (AD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) both lead to profound neurological deterioration. Rehabilitation approaches for these two conditions are rarely compared directly. This project looks at the similarities and differences in the support of independence for people with AD and TBI. An integrated approach was used, combining a systematic review of the literature on the pathological mechanisms and current treatments with primary qualitative research via eight semi-structured interviews with patients, carers and health professionals. The findings show that although both conditions are characterised by memory loss and physical decline, the disease course differs markedly. In AD, the cognitive decline is irreversible and progressive. In TBI, patients often have the potential for neuroplasticity and, therefore, functional recovery. Psychological symptoms (depression and anxiety in particular) are significant for both patient groups and their carers. The study shows that supporting independence in both conditions depends on maximising remaining neural function. In the case of AD, the therapies (music, reminiscence therapy, etc.) are predominantly palliative in nature, designed to slow the rate of decline and improve quality of life. For TBI, the emphasis is on restorative and compensatory occupational therapy to help patients reacquire skills. Transcranial stimulation interests both groups but requires further research. This project fills a gap in comparative neurology by showing that understanding the distinct mechanisms of AD and TBI is essential to developing effective, individualised rehabilitation strategies.